American Journal of Preventive Medicine
Volume 30, Issue 2 , Pages 131-136 , February 2006

Relationships Among Dog Ownership and Leisure-Time Walking in Western Canadian Adults

  • Shane G. Brown, BEd

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to: Shane G. Brown, BEd, Behavioural Medicine Laboratory, Faculty of Education, University of Victoria, PE Box 3010 STN CSC, Victoria BC V8W 3N4, Canada.
  • ,
  • Ryan E. Rhodes, PhD

References 

  1. Booth M . Assessment of physical activity (an international perspective) . Res Q Exerc Sport . 2000;71(suppl 2):114–120
  2. Bouchard C , Blair SN . Introductory comments of the consensus of physical activity and obesity . Med Sci Sports Exerc . 1999;31(suppl 11):S498–S501
  3. Craig C , Cameron C . Increasing physical activity (assessing trends from 1998–2003) . Ottawa: Canadian Fitness and Lifestyle Research Institute; 2004;
  4. Katzmarzyk PT , Gledhill N , Shephard RJ . The economic burden of physical inactivity in Canada . CMAJ . 2000;163:1435–1440
  5. Owen N , Humpel N , Leslie E , Bauman A , Sallis JF . Understanding environmental influences on walking (review and research agenda) . Am J Prev Med . 2004;27:67–76
  6. Suminski R , Poston W , Petosa R , Stevens E , Katzenmoyer L . Features of the neighborhood environment and walking by U.S. adults . Am J Prev Med . 2005;28:149–155
  7. Canadian Fitness and Lifestyle Research Institute. Physical activity monitor, 2000. Available at: www.cflri.ca/cflri/pa/surveys/2000survey/2000survey.html. Accessed December 27, 2004.
  8. Siegel P , Brackbill R , Heath G . The epidemiology of walking for exercise (implications for promoting activity among sedentary groups) . Am J Public Health . 1995;85:706–710
  9. Bauman A , Russell S , Furber S , Dobson A . The epidemiology of dog walking (an unmet need for human and canine health) . Med J Aust . 2001;175:632–634
  10. Anderson W , Reid C , Jennings G . Pet ownership and risk factors for cardiovascular disease . Med J Aust . 1992;157:298–301
  11. Dembicki D , Anderson J . Pet ownership may be a factor in improving health of the elderly . J Nutr Elder . 1996;15:15–31
  12. Serpell J . Beneficial effects of pet ownership on some aspects of human health and behaviour . J R Soc Med . 1991;84:717–720
  13. Giles-Corti B , Donovan R . Relative influences of individual, social environmental, and physical environmental correlates of walking . Am J Public Health . 2003;93:1583–1589
  14. Beck A , Meyers M . Health enhancement and companion animal ownership . Annu Rev Public Health . 1996;17:247–257
  15. Johnson RA , Meadows RL . Older Latinos, pets, and health . West J Nurs Res . 2002;24:609–620
  16. Siegel J . Stressful life events and use of physician services among the elderly (the moderating role of pet ownership) . J Personality Social Psychol . 1990;58:1081–1086
  17. Headey B . Pet ownership (good for health?) . Med J Aust . 2003;179:460–461
  18. Baranowski T , Anderson C , Carmack C . Mediating variable framework in physical activity interventions (how are we doing? How might we do better?) . Am J Prev Med . 1998;15:266–297
  19. Lewis BA , Marcus BH , Pate RR , Dunn AL . Psychosocial mediators of physical activity behavior among adults and children . Am J Prev Med . 2002;23:26–35
  20. Friedmann E , Thomas S . Pet ownership, social support, and one-year survival after acute myocardial infarction in the cardiac arrhythmia suppression trial (CAST) . Am J Cardiol . 1995;76:1213–1217
  21. Courneya KS . Antecedent correlates and theories of exercise behaviour . In:  Morris T ,  Summers J editor. Sport psychology (theories, applications, and issues) . 2nd ed. Sydney: John Wiley and Sons; 2004;p. 492–512
  22. Hagger MS , Chatzisarantis NLD , Biddle SJH . A meta-analytic review of the theories of reasoned action and planned behavior in physical activity (predictive validity and the contribution of additional variables) . J Sport Exerc Psychol . 2002;24:1–12
  23. Ajzen I . The theory of planned behavior . Organ Behav Hum Decision Process . 1991;50:179–211
  24. Dillman DA . Mail and other self-administered questionnaires . In:  Rossi PH ,  Wright JD ,  Anderson AB editor. Handbook of survey research . Toronto: Academic Press; 1983;p. 359–378
  25. Gilmore J. Health of Canadians living in census metropolitan areas, 2004. Available at: www.statcan.ca/english/freepub/11-015-XIE/cma/health.htm. Accessed May 1, 2005.
  26. Ministry of Labour and Citizens’ Services. BC Stats. Infoline: retirement in British Columbia, 1997. Available at: www.bcstats.gov.bc.ca//releases/info1997/in9702.pdf . Accessed September 14, 2005.
  27. Godin G , Jobin J , Bouillon J . Assessment of leisure time exercise behavior by self-report (a concurrent validity study) . Can J Public Health . 1986;77:359–361
  28. Godin G , Shephard RJ . A simple method to assess exercise behavior in the community . Can J Appl Sport Sci . 1985;10:141–146
  29. Shephard R . Godin leisure-time exercise questionnaire . Med Sci Sports Exerc . 1997;29(suppl 6):S36–S38
  30. Sudman S , Bradburn NM . Asking questions . 2nd ed. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers; 1983;
  31. Rhodes RE , Jones L , Courneya KS . Extending the theory of planned behavior in the exercise domains (a comparison of social support and subjective norm) . Res Q Exerc Sport . 2002;73:193–199
  32. Health Canada. Canada’s physical activity guide to healthy active living . Ottawa: Health Canada; 1998;
  33. Cohen J . A power primer . Psychol Bull . 1992;112:155–159
  34. Baron RM , Kenny DA . The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research (conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations) . J Personality Social Psychol . 1986;51:1173–1182
  35. Parslow R , Jorm A . Pet ownership and risk factors for cardiovascular disease (another look) . Med J Aust . 2003;179:466–468
  36. Conner M , Armitage CJ . Extending the theory of planned behavior (a review and avenues for further research) . J Appl Soc Psychol . 1998;28:1429
  37. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services . Physical activity and health (a report of the Surgeon General) . Atlanta GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion; 1996;

PII: S0749-3797(05)00399-5

doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2005.10.007

American Journal of Preventive Medicine
Volume 30, Issue 2 , Pages 131-136 , February 2006