Introduction
High school students’ electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use rose rapidly in 2014,
to levels higher than cigarette smoking, which declined significantly. This study
assesses how frequency of e-cigarette use is associated with students’ smoking status.
Methods
Using Monitoring the Future data in 2015, this study evaluated the association between
students’ smoking and frequency of 30-day e-cigarette use in 2014, focusing on high
school seniors. Previous research has considered only whether e-cigarettes were used
at all during the past month.
Results
Non-smokers were far less likely than smokers to have used an e-cigarette (p<0.001). E-cigarette use frequency rose with the amount of ever smoking (p<0.001). However, among current smokers, there was no difference in e-cigarette use
by very light smokers (<1 cigarette/day); light smokers (1–5 cigarettes/day); and
heavy smokers (≥1/2 pack/day) (p=0.99). Because most students have never smoked, never smokers constituted 25% of
all seniors who used an e-cigarette. Among tenth- and eighth-graders, 43% and 48%
of past-month e-cigarette users had never smoked.
Conclusions
Non-smoking high school students are highly unlikely to use e-cigarettes; among those
who do, most used them only on 1–2 of the past 30 days. By contrast, current smokers
are likely to use e-cigarettes and on many more days. It is unclear whether students’
e-cigarette use represents short-term experimentation or future sustained use, and
whether it will eventually increase or decrease youth smoking and nicotine addiction.
More sophisticated research methods, employing better data, will be essential to unravel
the mystery that is the e-cigarette phenomenon.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: January 25, 2016
Identification
Copyright
© 2015 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by American Journal of Preventive Medicine All rights reserved.
