Introduction
There is a need for innovation in both the enrollment of pregnant smokers in smoking
cessation treatment programs and in the types of treatments offered. The study tests
whether an interactive and intensive text messaging program, Quit4baby, can promote
smoking cessation for pregnant women already enrolled in a health text messaging program,
Text4baby.
Methods
Between July 2015 and February 2016, a total of 35,957 recruitment text messages were
sent to Text4baby subscribers. Eligible pregnant smokers were enrolled and randomized
to receive Text4baby (control) or Text4baby and Quit4baby (intervention; N=497). Participants
were surveyed at 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months post-enrollment, and saliva samples
were collected at 3 months for biochemical verification of smoking status. Data were
collected from 2015 to 2016 and analyzed in 2016.
Results
Using an intention-to-treat analysis, 28.80% of the intervention group and 15.79%
of the control group reported not smoking in the past 7 days at 1 month (p<0.01), and 35.20% of the intervention group and 22.67% of the control group reported
not smoking in the past 7 days at 3 months (p<0.01). Biochemical verification of smoking status at 3 months indicated no significant
differences between groups (15.60% in the intervention group and 10.93% in the control
group [p=0.13]), although significant differences favoring the intervention were found for
older smokers (p<0.05) and for those who enrolled in their second or third trimester of pregnancy
(p<0.05). Self-report of late pregnancy 7- and 30-day point prevalence abstinence favored
the intervention group (p<0.001, p<0.01). No significant differences were observed at the 6-month follow-up or in the
postpartum period.
Conclusions
Results provide limited support of the efficacy of the Quit4baby text messaging program
in the short term and late in pregnancy, but not in the postpartum period.
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Article Info
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Published online: October 02, 2017
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© 2017 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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- Raise the Bar to Help Pregnant Smokers, Rather Than Lower ItAmerican Journal of Preventive MedicineVol. 54Issue 5
