Abstract
Background: As many as one in three HIV-positive people continue unprotected sexual
practices after learning that they are HIV infected. This article reports the outcomes
of a theory-based intervention to reduce risk of HIV transmission for people living
with HIV infection.
Methods: Men (n=233) and women (n=99) living with HIV-AIDS were randomly assigned to receive either (1) a five-session
group intervention focused on strategies for practicing safer sexual behavior, or
(2) a five-session, contact-matched, health-maintenance support group (standard-of-care
comparison). Participants were followed for 6 months post-intervention.
Results: The intervention to reduce risk of HIV transmission resulted in significantly
less unprotected intercourse and greater condom use at follow-up. Transmission-risk
behaviors with non-HIV-positive sexual partners and estimated HIV transmission rates
over a 1-year horizon were also significantly lower for the behavioral risk-reduction
intervention group.
Conclusions: This study is among the first to demonstrate successful HIV-transmission
risk reduction resulting from a behavioral intervention tailored for HIV-positive
men and women.
Keywords
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to American Journal of Preventive MedicineAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Reducing sexual transmission of HIV from those who know they are infected.AIDS. 1999; 13: 297-306
- Psychosocial factors associated with risky sexual behavior among HIV-seropositive gay men.AIDS Ed Prev. 1994; 6: 483-492
- Behavior changes after notification of HIV infection.Am J Pub Health. 1991; 81: 1586-1590
- Sexuality in Montreal women living with HIV.AIDS Care. 1997; 9: 261-272
- HIV transmission risk behaviors of men and women living with HIV-AIDS.Clin Psychol Res Pract. 2000; 7: 32-47
- A randomized trial of an education and support program for HIV-infected individuals.AIDS. 1995; 9: 1271-1278
- Impact of HIV counseling and testing on HIV-infected men who have sex with men.AIDS Behav. 1998; 2: 115-126
- Effects of HIV counseling and testing on sexual risk behavior.Am J Pub Health. 1999; 89: 1397-1405
- Preventive counseling of HIV-positive men and self-disclosure of serostatus to sex partners.Health Psychol. 1998; 17: 224-231
- Stress reduction training changed number of sexual partners but not immune function in men with HIV.Am J Public Health. 1989; 79: 885-886
- Outcome of cognitive-behavioral and support group brief therapies for depressed persons diagnosed with HIV infection.Am J Psychiatry. 1993; 150: 1679-1686
- Self-efficacy. Freeman, New York1997
- AIDS and behavioural risk factors in women in inner city Baltimore.J Epidemiol Community Health. 1994; 48: 412-418
- Validity of self-reported CD4 lymphocyte count and viral load test results in people living with HIV-AIDS.Int J STD AIDS. 2000; 11: 579-585
- Reliability of retrospective assessments of sexual HIV risk behavior.AIDS Ed Prev. 1991; 3: 207-214
- Effectiveness of a video-based motivational skills-building HIV risk reduction intervention for inner-city African-American men.J Consult Clin Psychol. 1999; 67: 959-966
- Enhancing motivation to reduce risk for HIV infection for economically disadvantaged urban women.J Consult Clin Psychol. 1997; 65: 531-541
- Treating addictive behaviors. 2nd ed. Plenum, New York1998
- Motivational enhancement therapy manual. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC1992
Buck BA. Support groups for hospitalized AIDS patients. AIDS Patient Care 1991;October:255–258.
- A community support group for HIV-seropositive drug users.AIDS Care. 1996; 8: 529-540
- Statistical principles in experimental design. McGraw Hill, New York1971
- The effect of experimental mortality on the internal and external validity of the randomized comparative experiment.J Exp Educ. 1971; 40: 62-66
- Secondary HIV transmission rates in a mixed-gender sample.Int J STD AIDS. 2000; 11: 38-44
- Sexual transmission of HIV.in: Cohen P.T. Sande M.A. Volberding P.A. The AIDS knowledge base. Lippincott, Williams & Watkins, Philadelphia1999: 53-64
- Interactions among HIV, other sexually transmitted diseases, socioeconomic status, and poverty in women.in: O’Leary A. Jemmott L.S. Women at risk issues in the primary prevention of AIDS. Plenum, New York1995: 13-42
- National Institutes of Health consensus development statement on interventions to prevent HIV risk behaviors. NIH Office of Medical Applications Research, Bethesda, MD1997
- Sexual transmission of an HIV-1 variant resistant to multiple reverse-transcriptase and protease inhibitors.N Engl J Med. 1998; 339: 307-309
Article info
Identification
Copyright
© 2001 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
