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November 2010Volume 39, Issue 5, Pages 479–482
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Male Circumcision and HIV Prevention

Insufficient Evidence and Neglected External Validity

Lawrence W. Green
x
Lawrence W. Green
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Affiliations

  • Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California
, DrPH
,
John W. Travis
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John W. Travis
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Affiliations

  • Masters of Wellness Program, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia

Correspondence

  • Address correspondence to: John W. Travis, MD, MPH, Masters of Wellness Program, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
, MD, MPH'Correspondence information about the author MD, MPH John W. Travis
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John W. Travis
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Affiliations

  • Masters of Wellness Program, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia

Correspondence

  • Address correspondence to: John W. Travis, MD, MPH, Masters of Wellness Program, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
,
Ryan G. McAllister
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Ryan G. McAllister
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Affiliations

  • Department of Physics, and Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC
, PhD
,
Kent W. Peterson
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Kent W. Peterson
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Affiliations

  • American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
, MD, FACPM
,
Astrik N. Vardanyan
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Astrik N. Vardanyan
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Affiliations

  • Armenian Association of Pediatricians and Pediatric Surgeons, Yerevan, Armenia
, MA
,
Amber Craig
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Amber Craig
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  • Independent Researcher, Durham, North Carolina
, MA
Male Circumcision and HIV Prevention
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2010.07.010

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Recent editorials have asked the global health community to scale up male circumcision for HIV prevention in regions with HIV epidemics following the publication of three randomized controlled clinical trials (RCCTs) in Africa (in South Africa, Uganda, and Kenya).1–5 One editorial concluded: “The proven efficacy of MC [male circumcision] and its high cost-effectiveness in the face of a persistent heterosexual HIV epidemic argues overwhelmingly for its immediate and rapid adoption.”6 This “Current Issue” review questions not the internal validity of the studies, but their external validity, an issue that has been discussed more generally in two commentaries,7,8 an editorial,9 and a systematic review of research on prevention trials10 in this journal.

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© 2010 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    November 2010Volume 39, Issue 5, Pages 479–482