Background
Although the association between obesity and diabetes is well known, the factors predisposing
to diabetes in non-obese Asians are less clearly characterized.
Purpose
To investigate the effects of impaired insulin secretion (IIS) and insulin resistance
(IR) according to BMI on the incidence of diabetes in the Saku Study.
Methods
This 4-year cohort study involved 3,083 participants aged 30–69 years without diabetes
at baseline (2006–2007). Participants were stratified by BMI (<23.0, 23.0–24.9, and
≥25). Based on insulinogenic index and homeostasis model of IR values, participants
were classified into four categories: normal; isolated IIS (i-IIS); isolated IR (i-IR);
and IIS plus IR. All data were collected in 2006–2011 and analyzed in 2013–2014.
Results
For participants with BMI <23.0, the risk of developing diabetes was higher in the
i-IIS (adjusted hazard ratio=6.6; 95% CI=3.7, 11.6) and IIS plus IR groups (9.4; 3.1,
28.4) than in the normal group. For participants with BMI 23.0–24.9, risk was higher
in the i-IIS (9.9; 4.4, 22.1); i-IR (3.4; 1.2, 9.5); and IIS plus IR (23.4; 9.3, 58.9)
groups. Among participants with BMI ≥25, risk was higher in the i-IIS (16.9; 6.0,
47.7); i-IR (7.9; 2.8, 22.6); and IIS plus IR (26.9; 9.0, 80.8) groups. BMI was negatively
associated with incidence of IIS but positively associated with IR incidence.
Conclusions
Individuals with normal BMI may develop diabetes mainly through IIS, whereas individuals
with high BMI may develop diabetes primarily through IR.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: November 09, 2014
Identification
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© 2015 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
