Introduction
Associations between time spent on physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep
and quality of life are usually studied without considering that their combined time
is fixed. This study investigates the reallocation of time spent on physical activity,
sedentary behavior, and sleep during the 24-hour day and their associations with quality
of life.
Methods
Data from the 2011–2016 Rotterdam Study were used to perform this cross-sectional
analysis among 1,934 participants aged 51–94 years. Time spent in activity levels
(sedentary, light-intensity physical activity, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity,
and sleep) were objectively measured with a wrist-worn accelerometer combined with
a sleep diary. Quality of life was measured using the EuroQoL 5D-3L questionnaire.
The compositional isotemporal substitution method was used in 2018 to examine the
association between the distribution of time spent in different activity behaviors
and quality of life.
Results
Reallocation of 30 minutes from sedentary behavior, light-intensity physical activity,
or sleep to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was associated with a higher quality
of life, whereas reallocation from moderate-to-vigorous physical activity to sedentary
behavior, light-intensity physical activity, or sleep was associated with lower quality
of life. To illustrate this, a reallocation of 30 minutes from sedentary behavior
to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was associated with a 3% (95% CI=2, 4) higher
quality of life score. By contrast, a reallocation of 30 minutes from moderate-to-vigorous
physical activity to sedentary behavior was associated with a 4% (95% CI=2, 6) lower
quality of life score.
Conclusions
Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity is important with regard to the quality of
life of middle-aged and elderly individuals. The benefits of preventing less time
spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity were greater than the benefits of
more time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. These results could shift
the attention to interventions focused on preventing reductions in moderate-to-vigorous
physical activity levels. Further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these
findings and explore causality.
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Article Info
Publication History
Published online: July 23, 2020
Identification
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© 2020 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
