Context
Faith-based health interventions may improve obesity-related health behaviors, including
healthy eating and physical activity. However, the generalizability of results and
comprehensiveness of reporting for critical design elements sufficient for large-scale
implementation and broad public health impact are unclear. This review assesses the
degree to which faith-based healthy eating and physical activity programs report intervention
elements using the reach, effectiveness/efficacy, adoption, implementation, maintenance
framework.
Evidence acquisition
A systematic literature search was initiated in June 2017, and updated searches concluded
in December 2019. Articles were included if they (1) were published in an English
language peer-reviewed journal, (2) were conducted in the U.S., (3) were interventions,
(4) included individual-level healthy eating or physical activity behavioral outcomes,
(5) were conducted within an organizational setting, and (6) were faith-based. Intervention
elements were extracted, and comprehensiveness of reporting for intervention elements
was assessed according to reach, effectiveness/efficacy, adoption, implementation,
maintenance domains.
Evidence synthesis
A total of 38 interventions (46 articles) met the inclusion criteria. Most were conducted
at the individual/interpersonal level (66%); few included additional elements of policy
or environmental change (34%). Most interventions showed favorable changes in at least
1 health behavior outcome. No intervention addressed all reach, effectiveness/efficacy,
adoption, implementation, maintenance indicators. The mean level of reporting was
low for all reach, effectiveness/efficacy, adoption, implementation, maintenance dimensions
(reach: 2.3 of 5 [SD=1.0] indicators, efficacy/effectiveness: 2.3 of 4 [SD=0.8] indicators,
adoption: 3.7 of 6 [SD=1.4] indicators, implementation: 1.3 of 3 [SD=0.6] indicators,
maintenance: 0.3 of 3 [SD=0.5] indicators).
Conclusions
Studies reporting outcomes of faith-based interventions to improve healthy eating/physical
activity behaviors lack the information necessary to understand the potential for
broad dissemination and implementation in community settings. Future studies should
report on the considerations for the translation and dissemination of evidence-based
programs to expand public health impact.
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