Introduction
Intimate partner violence is associated with adverse health consequences among people
with diagnosed HIV, which could have implications for disease progression and transmission.
However, nationally representative estimates of intimate partner violence among people
with diagnosed HIV are lacking. Investigators used nationally representative data
to estimate the prevalence of physical violence by an intimate partner among adults
with diagnosed HIV and examine the differences by selected characteristics.
Methods
This analysis included interview and medical record data from the 2015−2017 cycles
of the Medical Monitoring Project, analyzed in 2019. Weighted percentages and 95%
CIs were used to report the prevalence of intimate partner violence among people with
diagnosed HIV (N=11,768). Bivariate and multivariate differences in intimate partner
violence by sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics were examined
using Rao–Scott chi-square tests (p<0.05).
Results
Among people with diagnosed HIV, 26.3% reported having ever experienced intimate partner
violence, and 4.4% reported having experienced intimate partner violence in the past
12 months. The prevalence of intimate partner violence differed by gender and gender/sexual
identity. People who experienced intimate partner violence in the past 12 months were
more likely to engage in behaviors associated with elevated HIV transmission risk
and have unmet needs for supportive services. People who recently experienced intimate
partner violence were less likely to be engaged in routine HIV care but were more
likely to seek emergency care services and have poor HIV clinical outcomes.
Conclusions
This study's findings support the need for screening people with diagnosed HIV for
intimate partner violence and offering linkage to supportive services. Screening for
intimate partner violence among people with diagnosed HIV, coupled with supportive
services and counseling, may lead to improved safety and HIV clinical outcomes and
decreased need for emergency and inpatient medical services.
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Published online: March 31, 2021
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Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine.
