Introduction
Nicotine and marijuana vaping among U.S. adolescents are public health priorities.
Research has assessed the demographic and risk factors related to vaping, but there
is a dearth of research on protective factors for vaping. On the basis of the healthy
youth development perspective, the developmental assets framework is used to assess
cumulative protective factors and vaping in a national sample of adolescents.
Methods
Data came from the nationally representative Monitoring the Future study, consisting
of 12th graders (n=6,982) from the 48 contiguous U.S. states (2017–2019). Past 30–day nicotine and marijuana
vaping and developmental assets (low, medium, or high) were examined. Covariates included
demographics and other substance use. Weighted descriptive statistics, logistic regression,
postestimation analyses, and multiple imputation were used.
Results
Students with higher assets were less likely to vape nicotine and marijuana, even
after adjusting for covariates. The odds of nicotine vaping were lower for students
with medium assets (AOR=0.65, 95% CI=0.54, 0.78) and high assets (AOR=0.22, 95% CI=0.16,
0.29) than for students with low assets. Similarly, the odds of marijuana vaping were
lower for youth with medium assets (AOR=0.54, 95% CI=0.42, 0.69) and high assets (AOR=0.09,
95% CI=0.05, 0.18) than for those with low assets. Social competence and positive
peer norms were strongly protective against both forms of vaping.
Conclusions
The healthy youth development perspective applies to the critical issues of nicotine
and marijuana vaping among adolescents. Promoting cumulative assets may help to prevent
vaping among U.S. adolescents, and increasing the specific assets of social competence
and positive peer norms could be particularly fruitful.
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Article Info
Publication History
Published online: December 16, 2021
Identification
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© 2021 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
