Introduction
The rates of pediatric obesity in the U.S. are highest among Hispanics. There is no
existing meta-analysis of the effects of obesity interventions among Hispanic youth.
This systematic review and meta-analysis assesses the effects of obesity prevention
and treatment interventions on Hispanic youth's weight status and lifestyle behaviors.
Methods
PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus were searched between January 1, 2000 and October 30,
2020. Interventions with ≥50% Hispanic youth aged 0–18 years were included. Using
a weighted inverse-variance procedure, fixed-effects and random-effects models were
run for an overall effect size on the basis of the Qtotal test statistic. Hedges’ g was calculated for outcomes of interest between baseline
and postintervention separately for studies with multiple versus single conditions.
Continuous and categorical moderators were also examined.
Results
A total of 1,103 articles were screened, of which 117 were included in the narrative
synthesis and 105 in the meta-analysis (n=49,276 youth). The overall effects for RCT/quasi-experimental studies on BMI status
(g= −0.15, SE=0.03, 95% CI= −0.20, −0.10), waist circumference (g= −0.15, SE=0.10,
95% CI= −0.35, −0.05), physical activity (g=0.12, SE=0.05, 95% CI=0.03, 0.22), fruit
and vegetable intake (g=0.08, SE=0.02, 95% CI=0.03, 0.12), and sugar-sweetened beverage
intake (g= −0.07, SE= 0.03, 95% CI= −0.13, −0.01) were small. Intervention effects
varied by participant developmental stage, SES, study setting, and lifestyle behavior
target.
Discussion
Beyond developing more impactful interventions to address obesity among Hispanic youth,
findings highlight the need for targeted policies and more easily disseminable interventions
that can spread small effects across a population for maximal public health impact.
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Published online: January 31, 2022
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© 2021 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
