Introduction
A systematic literature review was conducted to determine whether physical activity
levels during adolescent and young adult years were associated with a reduced lifetime
risk of breast cancer among carriers of deleterious mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes.
Methods
Ovid/MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, WOS, and CINAHL were searched for articles including
information about adolescent and young adult physical activity and breast cancer incidence
among women carrying deleterious BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations (search was initiated in October 2019; last update and full analyses
were in March 2021). Independent reviewers screened articles at the title/abstract
and full-text levels, resolving differences by consensus with lead authors. The NIH
Quality Assessment Tools were used to assess sources of bias.
Results
A total of 1,957 unique articles were identified; 5 met inclusion criteria. Samples
size ranged from 68 to 1,185. All studies relied on self-reported adolescent and young
adult physical activity. One study measured sports involvement; the others measured
recreational activity. One large study was null, whereas 4 others showed a reduction
in breast cancer incidence later in life with higher adolescent and young adult physical
activity (p≤0.05). However, the protection was limited to premenopausal breast cancer in 1 of
the studies (OR=0.62; 95% CI=0.40, 0.96; p-trend=0.01). In addition, adolescent and young adult physical activity was associated
with older age at breast cancer diagnosis in 1 study (p=0.03).
Conclusions
A limited number of studies suggest that adolescent and young adult physical activity
may reduce or delay the risk of breast cancer incidence among carriers of deleterious
mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes.
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Article Info
Publication History
Published online: June 20, 2022
Publication stage
In Press Journal Pre-ProofIdentification
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© 2022 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
