Introduction
It is unknown whether and to what extent the duration of smoking abstinence may modify
the association between receiving cigarette coupons and smoking relapse in the U.S.
This study aims to fill this gap.
Methods
Data were from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health study Wave 4 (December
2016–January 2018, baseline) and Wave 5 (December 2018–November 2019, follow-up) surveys.
Analysis was conducted in May 2022. The study sample was participants who formerly
smoked cigarettes at baseline (N=5,186). The exposure was past 12-month receipt of
cigarette coupons (yes/no) at baseline, and the outcome was cigarette smoking relapse
(yes/no) at follow-up. A potential modifier was the duration of smoking abstinence
(within/>1 year) at baseline. Baseline single-wave weights were applied, and a multivariable
logistic regression model was used to estimate the adjusted association. Interaction
between cigarette coupon receipt and duration of smoking abstinence was examined to
explore potential modification effects.
Results
Participants who received cigarette coupons at baseline were more likely to relapse
at follow-up (AOR=1.63, 95% CI=1.15, 2.32). This association was significantly stronger
among participants who quit within 1 year than among participants who quit >1 year
at baseline (AOR for the interaction term=2.77, 95% CI=1.22, 6.25). Subgroup analysis
shows that receipt of cigarette coupons was significantly associated with smoking
relapse among participants who quit within 1 year (AOR=2.10, 95% CI=1.39, 3.17), and
this association was not statistically significant among participants who quit >1
year (AOR=0.76, 95% CI=0.36, 1.63).
Conclusions
Policies restricting cigarette coupons may help adults who recently quit sustain abstinence.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: March 12, 2023
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© 2023 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
