Introduction
Children of people who smoke have a well-documented higher risk of smoking initiation.
However, little is known about the persistence of the association between parental
smoking and children's own smoking as they age.
Methods
This study uses data collected by the Panel Study of Income Dynamics collected between
1968 and 2017 and investigates the association between parental smoking and children's
own smoking through middle age and how it may be modified by adult children's SES
using regression models. The analysis was conducted between 2019 and 2021.
Results
The results show an increased risk of smoking among adult children of parents who
smoked. Their odds were elevated in young adulthood (OR=1.55, 95% CI=1.11, 2.14),
established adulthood (OR=1.53, 95% CI = 1.08, 2.15), and middle age (OR=1.63, 95%
CI=1.04, 2.55). Interaction analysis shows that this statistically significant relationship
is limited to high-school graduates only. Among people who smoked in the past or who
currently smoke, children of people who smoked had longer average smoking duration.
Interaction analysis shows that this risk is limited to high-school graduates only.
The adult children of people who smoked and have less than a high-school education,
some college, and college graduates did not have a statistically significantly increased
risk of smoking or longer smoking duration.
Conclusion
The findings highlight the durability of early life influences, especially for people
with low SES.
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Publication history
Published online: February 28, 2023
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© 2023 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
