Introduction
Smoking is a risk factor for most chronic diseases and premature death, with a global
prevalence of more than 1 billion people who smoke. This network meta-analysis aimed
to investigate the impact of different behavioral interventions on smoking cessation.
Methods
Four electronic databases were searched for RCTs from inception to August 29, 2022.
The risk of bias for the included RCTs was evaluated using the revised version of
Cochrane tool for assessing risk of bias and the certainty of evidence using the Grading
of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. The network
meta-analysis was performed using Stata 16SE and R 4.1.3 software.
Results
A total of 119 included RCTs enrolled 118,935 participants. For the 7-day-point prevalence
abstinence rate, video counseling had a best intervention effect than brief advice,
followed by financial incentives, self-help materials plus telephone counseling, motivational
interview, health education, telephone counseling, and text messages. For the 30-day-point
prevalence abstinence rate, face-to-face cognitive education and financial incentives
were superior to brief advice. For the continuous abstinence rate, motivational interview
and financial incentives were more effective than brief advice. The certainty of evidence
was very low to moderate for these studies.
Discussion
From the results of the network meta-analysis, different behavioral interventions
resulted in positive impacts on smoking cessation compared with that of brief advice,
especially video counseling, face-to-face cognitive education, and motivational interviews.
Owing to the poor quality of evidence, high-quality trials should be conducted in
the future to provide more robust evidence.
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Publication history
Published online: March 07, 2023
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© 2023 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.