Abstract
Introduction
: Smoking is a risk factor for most chronic diseases and premature death, with a global
prevalence more than 1 billion people who smoke. This network meta-analysis (NMA)
aimed to investigate the effect of different behavioral interventions on smoking cessation.
Methods
: Four electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from
inception to 29th August 2022. The risk of bias for the included RCTs was evaluated using the revised
version of Cochrane tool for assessing risk of bias, and the certainty of evidence
using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach.
The network meta-analysis was performed using Stata 16SE and R 4.1.3 software.
Results
: A total of 119 included RCTs enrolled 118,935 patients. For the 7-day-point prevalence
abstinence rate, compared with brief advice, video counseling had the best intervention
effect, followed by financial incentive, self-help materials plus telephone counseling,
motivational interview, health education, telephone counseling and text messages.
For the 30-day-point prevalence abstinence rate, face-to-face cognitive education
and financial incentives were superior to brief advice. For the continuous abstinence
rate, compared with brief advice, motivational interview and financial incentive were
more effective. The certainty of evidence was very low to moderate for these outcomes.
Discussion
: From the results of the NMA, different behavioral interventions resulted in positive
effects in smoking cessation compared with brief advice, especially video counseling,
face-to-face cognitive education and motivational interviews. Due to the poor quality
of evidence, high-quality trials should be conducted in the future to provide more
robust evidence.
Keywords
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