Cardiovascular Disease
Student Debt and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among U.S. Adults in Early Mid-Life
Student loan debt has become common for young adults in the U.S. and is correlated with poor physical and mental health. It is unclear how the accumulation or repayment of student debt is associated with longer-term cardiovascular risks and chronic inflammation.Nativity-Related Disparities in Preterm Birth and Cardiovascular Risk in a Multiracial U.S. Cohort
Having a preterm birth is associated with future cardiovascular risk. Non-Hispanic Black women have higher rates of preterm birth than non-Hispanic White and Hispanic women, but nativity-related disparities in preterm birth are not well understood.The Relationship Between Environmental Exposures and Post-Stroke Physical Activity
Post-stroke physical activity has widespread health benefits. Environmental exposures may shape post-stroke physical activity behavior. This study investigates the relationships between environmental exposures and post-stroke physical activity.Healthy Lifestyle Score Including Sleep Duration and Cardiovascular Disease Risk
Although insufficient or prolonged sleep duration is associated with cardiovascular disease, sleep duration is not included in most lifestyle scores. This study evaluates the relationship between a lifestyle score, including sleep duration and cardiovascular disease risk.Diabetes, Hypertension, and the Mediating Role of Lifestyle: A Cross-Sectional Analysis in a Large Cohort of Adults
Whether diabetes is associated with hypertension risk remains controversial, potentially owing to the confounding effect of lifestyle. This study aims to analyze the association between diabetes and hypertension in adults and the mediating impacts of lifestyle.The Interplay of Race/Ethnicity and Obesity on the Incidence of Venous Thromboembolism
Factors predisposing asymptomatic individuals within the community to venous thromboembolism are not fully understood. This study characterizes the incidence and determinants of venous thromboembolism among the Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis cohort with a focus on race/ethnicity and obesity.Optimism and Lipid Profiles in Midlife: A 15-Year Study of Black and White Adults
Optimism is associated with better cardiovascular health, yet little is known about the underlying mechanisms and whether protective relationships are consistently observed across diverse groups. This study examines optimism's association with lipid profiles over time and separately among Black and White men and women.Age, Sex, Race/Ethnicity, and Income Patterns in Ideal Cardiovascular Health Among Adolescents and Adults in the U.S.
Ideal cardiovascular health is present in <50% of children and <1% of adults, yet its prevalence from adolescence through adulthood has not been fully evaluated. This study characterizes the association of age with ideal cardiovascular health and compares these associations across sex, race/ethnicity, and SES subgroups.Trend in Blood Pressure Control Post Antihypertensive Drug Initiation in the U.S.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the temporal trends in systolic blood pressure control over 18 months after blood pressure‒lowering drug initiation in the U.S. population.Mobile Health Applications and Medication Adherence of Patients With Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Current evidence has revealed the beneficial effects of mobile health applications on systolic and diastolic blood pressure. However, there is still no solid evidence of the underlying factors for these outcomes, and hypertension treatment is performed mainly by medication intake. This study aims to analyze the impacts of health applications on medication adherence of patients with hypertension and understand the underlying factors.Cardiovascular Disease Preventive Services Among Smaller Primary Care Practices
Cardiovascular disease preventive services (aspirin use, blood pressure control, and smoking-cessation support) are crucial to controlling cardiovascular diseases. This study draws from 1,248 small-to-medium-sized primary care practices participating in the EvidenceNOW Initiative from 2015-2016 across 12 states to provide practice-level aspirin use, blood pressure control, and smoking-cessation support estimates; report the percentage of practices that meet Million Hearts targets; and identify the practice characteristics associated with better performance.Gestational Diabetes and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy by Maternal Birthplace
Gestational diabetes mellitus and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy increase the risk for future adverse health outcomes in the pregnant woman and baby, and disparities exist in the rates of gestational diabetes mellitus and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy by race/ethnicity. The objective of this study is to identify the differences in gestational diabetes mellitus and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy rates by maternal place of birth within race/ethnicity groups.Pharmacist Interventions for Medication Adherence: Community Guide Economic Reviews for Cardiovascular Disease
Adherence to medications for cardiovascular disease and its risk factors is less than optimal, although greater adherence to medication has been shown to reduce the risk factors for cardiovascular disease. This paper examines the economics of tailored pharmacy interventions to improve medication adherence for cardiovascular disease prevention and management.Smoking and Risk of Premature Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality for women in the U.S. and worldwide.1 Overall, 1 in 3 women die from CVD, and 45% of women aged >20 years have some form of CVD.1 Awareness of risk factors is critical in reducing cardiovascular risk in women.2 Women's awareness that heart disease is a leading cause of death among women has declined from 64.8% in 2009 to 43.7% in 2019, and of further concern, this decline was greatest among women aged 25–34 years and in those with CVD risk factors.Systematic Review of Self-Measured Blood Pressure Monitoring With Support: Intervention Effectiveness and Cost
Self-measured blood pressure monitoring with support is an evidence-based intervention that helps patients control their blood pressure. This systematic economic review describes how certain intervention aspects contribute to effectiveness, intervention cost, and intervention cost per unit of the effectiveness of self-measured blood pressure monitoring with support.Network Support and Negative Life Events Associated With Chronic Cardiometabolic Disease Outcomes
Stress from negative life events may be an important risk factor for chronic cardiometabolic conditions, which are increasingly prevalent among young adults. Support from personal networks is known to buffer stress from negative life events. Yet, evidence for these relationships among both young and older adults remains unclear.Longitudinal Analysis of Food Insufficiency and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in the CARDIA study
Most previous studies on food insecurity and cardiovascular disease risk factors are cross-sectional. Without longitudinal data, it is unclear whether food insecurity precedes poor health and how exposure timing impacts these relationships.Differential Cardiometabolic Risk Factor Clustering Across U.S. Asian Ethnic Groups
Ethnic differences in the prevalence of diabetes, obesity, and hypertension are well described,1 but the differential clustering of these risk conditions, which have multiplicative effects on cardiovascular disease risk,2 is less well characterized for Asian Americans. Such information may inform intervention strategies that target multiple cardiovascular risk factors simultaneously. To better understand their contemporary risk profile in clinical settings, this study examines clustered cardiometabolic risks (CCRs) among Filipino, Chinese, and South Asian adults compared with those among other races/ethnicities in a large integrated healthcare delivery system.Evaluation of a Pharmacists’ Patient Care Process Approach for Hypertension
An estimated 116 million American adults (47.3%) have hypertension. Most adults with hypertension do not have it controlled—3 in 4 (92.1 million) U.S. adults with hypertension have a blood pressure ≥130/80 mmHg. The Pharmacists’ Patient Care Process is a standardized patient-centered approach to the provision of pharmacist care that is done in collaboration with other healthcare providers. Through the Michigan Medicine Hypertension Pharmacists’ Program, pharmacists use the Pharmacists’ Patient Care Process to provide hypertension management services in collaboration with physicians in primary care and community pharmacy settings.Association Between Acute Exposure to Crime and Individual Systolic Blood Pressure
Hypertension is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes and is geographically concentrated in urban underserved neighborhoods. This study examines the temporal–spatial association between individual exposure to violent crime and blood pressure.Coronary Calcium Scanning and Cardiovascular Risk Assessment Among Firefighters
Sudden cardiac death is the main cause of death among firefighters. The goal of this study is to identify firefighters at risk for cardiovascular disease using coronary artery calcium screening.Cardiovascular Disease in a Population-Based Sample of Transgender and Cisgender Adults
Existing data on cardiovascular disease among transgender people are inconsistent and are derived from nonrepresentative samples or population-based data sets that do not include transgender-specific risk factors such as gender-affirming hormone use and gender minority stressors. A nationally representative sample of cisgender and transgender adults aged ≥40 years was used to assess the prevalence and correlates of smoking, select cardiovascular disease conditions, and venous thromboembolism.Social Determinants in Machine Learning Cardiovascular Disease Prediction Models: A Systematic Review
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, and cardiovascular disease burden is increasing in low-resource settings and for lower socioeconomic groups. Machine learning algorithms are being developed rapidly and incorporated into clinical practice for cardiovascular disease prediction and treatment decisions. Significant opportunities for reducing death and disability from cardiovascular disease worldwide lie with accounting for the social determinants of cardiovascular outcomes.Re-examining the Association Between E-Cigarette Use and Myocardial Infarction: A Cautionary Tale
Cross-sectional analyses have suggested that e-cigarette use, independent of combustible cigarette use, elevates the risk of myocardial infarction. Previous researchers confused their own models’ assumptions that these risks were independent with the idea that their analyses validated the presence of independent risks. This study avoids this pitfall.Childhood Socioeconomic Position and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Adulthood: Systematic Review of Evidence From Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Socioeconomic disadvantage in childhood is strongly associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease in high-income countries. However, the association in low- and middle-income countries, where childhood poverty remains prevalent, has not been reviewed.
