Chronic
Prevalence of Nonpharmacologic and Pharmacologic Therapies Among Noncancer Chronic Pain–Associated Ambulatory Care Visits, 2016
Approximately 20% of U.S. adults reported chronic pain in 2016.1 Opioids are often prescribed for chronic pain, but evidence suggests that benefits may be limited and harms may include addiction, overdose, and death.2,3 The 2016 CDC Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Chronic Pain (CDC Guideline) recommends nonpharmacologic and nonopioid pharmacologic therapies as preferred therapies for chronic pain.3 Prior research has examined opioid and nonopioid pharmacologic therapies4; little is known about how nonpharmacologic therapies are utilized for chronic pain.Cost of Tobacco-related Cancer Hospitalizations in the U.S., 2014
Smoking has been causally linked to 12 tobacco-related cancers: oral cavity and pharynx, esophagus, stomach, colon and rectum, liver, pancreas, larynx, lung, cervix, bladder, kidney, and acute myeloid leukemia. Tobacco-related cancers−related morbidity and mortality have been well described, but little is known about the prevalence of tobacco-related cancer hospitalizations and associated costs. This study estimates the annual number of tobacco-related cancer hospitalizations and their associated direct medical costs in the U.S.Health State Utility Impact of Breast Cancer in U.S. Women Aged 18–44 Years
Breast cancer affects women’s health-related quality of life negatively, but little is known about how breast cancer affects this in younger women aged 18–44 years. This study measures preference-based health state utility (HSU) values, a scaled index of health-related quality of life for economic evaluation, for younger women with breast cancer and compares these values with same-age women with other cancers and older women (aged ≥45 years) with breast cancer.Medical Care Costs of Breast Cancer in Privately Insured Women Aged 18–44 Years
Breast cancer in women aged 18–44 years accounts for approximately 27,000 newly diagnosed cases and 3,000 deaths annually. When tumors are diagnosed, they are usually aggressive, resulting in expensive treatment costs. The purpose of this study is to estimate the prevalent medical costs attributable to breast cancer treatment among privately insured younger women.Breast Cancer in Young Women: Health State Utility Impacts by Race/Ethnicity
Little is known about the effect of breast cancers on health-related quality of life among women diagnosed between age 18 and 44 years. The goal of this study is to estimate the effect of breast cancer on health state utility by age at diagnosis (18–44 years versus ≥45 years) and by race/ethnicity.Productivity Costs Associated With Breast Cancer Among Survivors Aged 18–44 Years
No study has quantified productivity losses associated with breast cancer in younger women aged 18–44 years. This study estimated productivity costs, including work and home productivity losses, among younger women who reported ever receiving a breast cancer diagnosis.Treatment Costs of Breast Cancer Among Younger Women Aged 19–44 Years Enrolled in Medicaid
A few studies have examined the costs of breast cancer treatment in a Medicaid population at the state level. However, no study has estimated medical costs for breast cancer treatment at the national level for women aged 19−44 years enrolled in Medicaid.Healthcare Expenditure Burden Among Non-elderly Cancer Survivors, 2008–2012
There is increasing concern regarding the financial burden of cancer on patients and their families. This study presents nationally representative estimates of annual out-of-pocket (OOP) burden among non-elderly cancer survivors and assesses the association between high OOP burden and access to care and preventive service utilization.Cost-Utility Analysis of Cancer Prevention, Treatment, and Control: A Systematic Review
Substantial innovation related to cancer prevention and treatment has occurred in recent decades. However, these innovations have often come at a significant cost. Cost-utility analysis provides a useful framework to assess if the benefits from innovation are worth the additional cost. This systematic review on published cost-utility analyses related to cancer care is from 1988 through 2013. Analyses were conducted in 2013–2015.Prevalence and Costs of Skin Cancer Treatment in the U.S., 2002−2006 and 2007−2011
Skin cancer, the most common cancer in the U.S., is a major public health problem. The incidence of nonmelanoma and melanoma skin cancer is increasing; however, little is known about the economic burden of treatment.Health and Economic Impact of Breast Cancer Mortality in Young Women, 1970–2008
Breast cancer is the second-leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women aged <50 years. Studies on the effects of breast cancer mortality among young women are limited.Strategies to Reduce Indoor Tanning: Current Research Gaps and Future Opportunities for Prevention
Exposure to ultraviolet radiation from indoor tanning device use is associated with an increased risk of skin cancer, including risk of malignant melanoma, and is an urgent public health problem. By reducing indoor tanning, future cases of skin cancer could be prevented, along with the associated morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. On August 20, 2012, the CDC hosted a meeting to discuss the current body of evidence on strategies to reduce indoor tanning as well as research gaps. Using the Action Model to Achieve Healthy People 2020 Overarching Goals as a framework, the current paper provides highlights on the topics that were discussed, including (1) the state of the evidence on strategies to reduce indoor tanning; (2) the tools necessary to effectively assess, monitor, and evaluate the short- and long-term impact of interventions designed to reduce indoor tanning; and (3) strategies to align efforts at the national, state, and local levels through transdisciplinary collaboration and coordination across multiple sectors.Melanoma Treatment Costs: A Systematic Review of the Literature, 1990–2011
Melanoma is the most deadly form of skin cancer and an important public health concern. Given the substantial health burden associated with melanoma, it is important to examine the economic costs associated with its treatment. The purpose of the current study was to systematically review the literature on the direct medical care costs of melanoma.
