Tobacco & Nicotine
Association Between E-Cigarettes and Asthma in Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Numerous studies have revealed the relationship between E-cigarettes and asthma but have shown inconsistent results. This study systematically evaluated the potential association between E-cigarette use and asthma in adolescents.Economic Approaches to Estimating Benefits of Regulations Affecting Addictive Goods
The question of how to evaluate lost consumer surplus in benefit−cost analyses has been contentious. There are clear health benefits of regulations that curb consumption of goods with health risks, such as tobacco products and foods high in fats, calories, sugar, and sodium. Yet, if regulations cause consumers to give up goods they like, the health benefits they experience may be offset by some utility loss, which benefit−cost analyses of regulations need to take into account. This paper lays out the complications of measuring benefits of regulations aiming to curb consumption of addictive and habitual goods, rooted in the fact that consumers’ observed demand for such goods may not be in line with their true preferences.Perspectives in Implementing a Pragmatic Pediatric Primary Care–Based Intervention Trial
The 2013 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) concluded that behavioral interventions are effective in reducing initiation of smoking in youth, recommending primary care clinicians provide education or brief counseling to prevent initiation, and that there are promising trends toward behavioral interventions improving cessation in this population. Our primary care–based intervention RCT conducted between 2000 and 2004, Air It Out, informed these USPSTF recommendations. Our trial was designed to determine whether a pediatric primary care practice–based smoking prevention and cessation intervention would be effective in increasing abstinence rates among adolescents under usual clinic conditions, to inform clinical practice.Strategies to Reduce Youth Tobacco Use: Opportunities for Local Government
This issue of the American Journal of Preventive Medicine examines factors associated with youth tobacco use–a timely topic given that this year is the 50th anniversary of the first Surgeon General’s Report on Tobacco. In 1960, the outlook was grim. The probability that a boy born in 1960 would be smoking by the time he was 20 years old was about 35%.1 After more than a dozen Surgeon General’s Reports describing the health consequences of tobacco use, the youth smoking rate in 1991 was still 27.5%.Adapting to a Changing Tobacco Landscape: Research Implications for Understanding and Reducing Youth Tobacco Use
Patterns of youth tobacco use in the U.S. are becoming increasingly complex with the greater availability, marketing, and promotion of a diverse set of tobacco products. Using data from the 2012 National Youth Tobacco Survey (NYTS), the series of papers in this issue present a multifaceted examination of the attitudes and behaviors surrounding the diversity of tobacco products with a nationally representative sample of middle and high school students. Taken together, these papers represent one of the most comprehensive pictures of adolescent tobacco use in the U.S.Teen Tobacco Use: Research and Regulatory Gaps
Cigarettes are the greatest single threat to public health in the U.S.1 and worldwide.2 The good news is that teen cigarette smoking has been trending down in recent years.3 The bad news is that teen use of other tobacco products may be taking up the slack.Enhancing Youth Tobacco Surveillance to Inform Tobacco Product Regulation: Findings from the 2012 National Youth Tobacco Survey
Decreasing youth tobacco use is a significant public health priority. In the U.S., nearly one in 15 middle school students and one in four high school students were current tobacco users in 2012,1 and 5.6 million youth aged under 18 years today are projected to die prematurely from smoking-related disease.2 The Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (FSPTCA), signed into law on June 22, 2009, amended the Federal Food Drug and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act) to provide the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) with the authority to regulate the manufacturing, distribution, and marketing of tobacco products to protect public health.
